https://archive.conscientiabeam.com/index.php/119 Conscientia Beam en-US World Journal of Vocational Education and Training 2690-280X https://archive.conscientiabeam.com/index.php/119/article/view/3698 <p>Violence in schools has become a concern to the learners, teachers, parents and other stakeholders in Mphahlele Circuit at Capricorn South District of Limpopo Province.&nbsp; The learners fight amongst themselves and against their teachers.&nbsp; In some instances they stab one another.&nbsp; The teachers and the learners are not safe at their schools, whereas schools are supposed to be safe havens for teaching and learning.&nbsp; Given all these challenges in Mphahlele schools, the proposed study sought to investigate if really there is violence in the schools and also to explore the nature thereof.&nbsp; Also, the study sought to investigate the contributory factors and the preventative measures to violence. The study followed a mixed-method research strategy and used surveys and interviews.&nbsp; The researcher used purposive sampling to select participants for the research.&nbsp; Twelve (12) participants were selected for qualitative study which used interviews. The questionnaires were used to collect data from fifty (50) participants in quantitative research.&nbsp; Data was analyzed using the codes and themes.&nbsp; The study revealed that the learners bully each other, bring weapons to school, and have gangs.&nbsp; The learners and teachers miss contact time during disciplinary hearings and that impacts negatively on the performance of the learners and the completion of the syllabus. The social problems, economic and family instabilities, drugs and alcohol abuse seemed to be the contributing factors.&nbsp; The study recommended that parents, churches, government and non-governmental organizations and the schools should collaborate to minimize violence, as one strategy in isolation cannot prevent school violence.</p> Teffo Maphuti Magdeline Segalo Letlhoyo Jacob Ngobeni Elias Tsakane Copyright (c) 2024 2024-03-29 2024-03-29 6 1 1 8 10.18488/119.v6i1.3698 https://archive.conscientiabeam.com/index.php/119/article/view/3770 <p>This study provides an overview of 20 research articles from international databases (PubMed, Scholar, Eric, and APA) assessing the effectiveness of the JASPER model in developing symbolic play skills among children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The researchers reviewed studies to examine the impact of the JASPER model on the frequency, diversity, and level of symbolic play skills in children with ASD. Results indicate that the JASPER model effectively increases symbolic play skills among children with ASD, enhancing their play experience quality. The application of the JASPER model in developing symbolic play skills for children with ASD in Vietnam shows promise. However, considering differences in intervention services and cultural contexts, recommendations are provided for adapting the JASPER model for effective implementation in Vietnam. This includes cultural adjustments and modifications to intervention protocols. Collaborative efforts between researchers, practitioners, and policymakers are crucial for the successful implementation and dissemination of the JASPER model in Vietnam, potentially improving outcomes for children with ASD in the country.</p> Tan Nguyen Thi Thao Do Thi Nga Giap Binh Copyright (c) 2024 2024-06-04 2024-06-04 6 1 9 24 10.18488/119.v6i1.3770