Evaluating the impact of decentralization on local government efficiency in South Africa

Abstract

This study evaluates the impact of decentralization on the efficiency of local governments in South Africa. By examining both quantitative and qualitative data, the research explores how decentralization influences resource management, service delivery, and public satisfaction. Quantitative analysis reveals a significant positive correlation between decentralization and improved local government performance, evidenced by enhanced resource efficiency, superior service delivery, and increased public satisfaction. Qualitative case studies of the city of Cape Town and eThekwini Municipality illustrate the practical benefits of decentralization, highlighting improved waste management, public transportation, and water supply services due to localized decision-making and resource allocation. The findings underscore the importance of decentralization in fostering responsive and effective local governance structures. However, the study acknowledges limitations such as potential biases in self-reported data, the cross-sectional design limiting causal inferences, and the focus on only two municipalities for case studies. Future research should employ longitudinal designs, expand the range of qualitative case studies, and explore specific decentralization mechanisms and contextual factors influencing the success of decentralization efforts. The study concludes that decentralization is a critical strategy for enhancing local government efficiency and public satisfaction, recommending its broader implementation and further exploration in diverse contexts.