Performance differences between winning and losing teams in the CONCACAF gold cup (2017–2025)

Abstract

To date, research into CONCACAF football competitions is limited. This study investigates the technical and tactical key performance indicators (KPIs) that differentiate winning and losing teams in the CONCACAF Men’s Gold Cup from 2017 to 2025. Using a quantitative, observational design and Hudl Wyscout event data, matches were analysed across phases of play, including in possession, defensive and attacking transitions, out-of-possession, and set pieces. Mann–Whitney U tests were used to compare performances across the full dataset and between group and knockout stages. Results demonstrate that winning teams consistently outperform losing teams across multiple KPIs, including goals, expected goals (xG), shot quality, penalty-area entries, and passing efficiency. Possession quality, rather than volume, emerged as a critical determinant of success, with effective progression into advanced areas strongly associated with positive outcomes. Winning teams also exhibited greater pressing intensity, more high recoveries, and more effective counter-attacks, while set-piece efficiency further distinguished success. Importantly, winning teams created performance gaps across phases and styles of play, rather than relying on a single playing style. As tournaments progressed into knockout stages, performance differences narrowed, with outcomes increasingly determined by efficiency and execution in decisive moments. These findings highlight the importance of integrated, multi-phase tactical approaches in CONCACAF contexts and provide applied insights for coaches, analysts, and practitioners seeking to optimise tactical preparation, match strategy, and performance evaluation in elite international tournament football.