The mediating role of work-life balance in the relationship between job factors and life satisfaction of employees in higher institutions of learning

Abstract

The academic job demands considerable commitment, with university personnel frequently needing to navigate several demanding schedules that span both campus responsibilities and the outside world. Unfortunately, these responsibilities are not limited to personal struggles as defined by several individual commitments and immediacy, such as familial responsibilities. These dual burdens often impose constraints that adversely influence their overall life satisfaction. This study investigated the mediating role of work-life balance (WLB) in shaping university employees' perceptions of life satisfaction. The study employed a descriptive survey, using reports from 217 staff members from two universities located in Osogbo, Nigeria. Four (4) standardized instruments were utilized to obtain information from the respondents. Statistical analyses established significant correlations between job satisfaction (r = 0.298, p < 0.05), job stress (r = -0.344, p < 0.05), and work-life balance (r = 0.630, p < 0.05) with life satisfaction. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) indicated both direct and indirect pathways linking job satisfaction and job stress to life satisfaction through work-life balance. The results indicate that work-life balance serves as a partial link between job-related factors and employees' life satisfaction. The study therefore recommended that university management prioritize strategies that mitigate job-related stressors and dissatisfaction while enhancing work-life equilibrium. These strategies may include the implementation of welfare programs, policy reforms, and incentive structures aimed at improving employees' life satisfaction.