Examining the relationship between parental attachment styles and adolescent social anxiety: Implications for development and intervention

Abstract

The primary objective of this study was to explore the significant contributors of different parental attachment styles in the development of adolescent social anxiety. A descriptive survey design was used with cross-sectional data collection. A multistage random sampling technique was employed to obtain a sample of 2000 adolescents (Boys = 969, Girls = 1031). The research instruments included a demographic profile, the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents, and the Parental Attachment Styles Scale. Descriptive statistics summarized the raw data. Inferential statistics, such as linear regression analyses, were used to analyze the findings according to the research objectives. Results indicated that parental attachment, across all its domains, significantly predicts social anxiety in adolescents. Furthermore, a secure attachment style is a negative predictor of social anxiety, whereas insecure parental attachment styles (Anxious-Resistant Attachment and Anxious-Avoidant Attachment) positively predict social anxiety among adolescents. The present study has several implications for stakeholders. For example, for adolescents, particularly in addressing the role of parental attachment in mitigating social anxiety. Recognizing that secure attachment styles negatively predict social anxiety, interventions can be designed to foster secure attachments between parents and adolescents, promoting open communication, trust, and emotional support. These efforts could help adolescents develop the self-confidence and coping skills necessary to handle social challenges more effectively. For adolescents in Pakistan, where family dynamics often play a crucial role in personal identity and social relationships, fostering secure attachment could significantly reduce the likelihood of social anxiety, ultimately improving their mental well-being and social functioning.