The effectiveness of the P5BL model in teaching biology for developing high school students’ deep understanding and academic achievement motivation

Abstract

This study aims to identify the effectiveness of the P⁵BL model in developing high school students’ deep understanding and academic achievement motivation in biology. To achieve the study objectives, a quasi-experimental design was adopted. The research sample consisted of 112 male students divided into two groups: a control group (54 students) and an experimental group (58 students). The research tools are a deep understanding achievement test, consisting of 20 multiple-choice questions, and the academic achievement motivation scale, consisting of 32 items. The results revealed that the P⁵BL model is effective in developing second-grade high school students’ deep understanding (explanation, interpretation, application and perspective) and academic achievement motivation (academic ambition, goal orientation, achievement orientation and cognitive motivation). A correlation was also found between developing second-grade high school students’ deep understanding and academic achievement motivation. The most important recommendations include the need to prepare guidance for science teachers to help them teach using the P⁵BL model, as well as inform science teachers of the importance of using the P⁵BL model to develop deep understanding and academic achievement motivation. Many suggestions are also presented, including conducting further research on teaching biology, such as investigating the impact of the P⁵BL model on developing students' creative thinking and inquiry skills and investigating the effectiveness of the P⁵BL model in developing pre-service biology teachers’ tendency toward self-reflection and reflective thinking skills.